Button and field
Button, cremini and portobello
Agaricus bisporus
Never eat a wild-foraged mushroom you identified from a website, this one included. Wild mushroom misidentification can be fatal, and no page can rule a specimen IN. This reference is about cultivated and shop-bought mushrooms only: species you buy, or grow from bought spawn, where there is nothing to identify. To identify anything wild, consult a qualified local expert holding the actual specimen, never a description on a screen.
Also sold as
- White button
- Chestnut mushroom
- Cremini
- Baby bella
- Portobello
- Swiss brown
In the kitchen
Flavour
Mild and earthy when white, deeper and more savoury as it browns and matures. The same mushroom concentrates in flavour with age.
Texture
Firm and watery raw; the large portobello turns meaty and dense once the water is cooked out of it.
In the kitchen
The default supermarket mushroom. White buttons for slicing raw into salads or quick frying; cremini for stews and sauces; the mature portobello grilled or roasted whole as a burger or steak. All three are one species, so they cook alike and only differ in age and strain.
How it is cultivated
Substrate
Composted straw and manure, cased with a peat and lime layer that triggers fruiting. This composting and casing is why it is a commercial rather than a home crop.
Fruiting temperature
14-18°C (57-64°F)
Humidity
85-90% relative humidity
How it is grown
Composted substrate with a casing layer
Time to first harvest
Roughly 3 to 5 weeks after the casing goes on, following a longer spawn run
How much, how long
Two or three flushes about a week apart
Difficulty at home
Advanced. The composting and casing steps are what put this out of reach of a beginner, not the growing itself.
What is worth knowing about it
Button, cremini and portobello are the same fungus, Agaricus bisporus, at different ages and strains: white and brown immature forms are the button and the cremini, and the fully opened brown form is the portobello. Knowing this is most of what a shopper needs, because it explains why the price gap rarely matches any real difference on the plate.
Sources
- Wikipedia, Agaricus bisporus
- Stamets, Growing Gourmet and Medicinal Mushrooms